The table below considers past national, regional and local elections held on the African continent. For upcoming elections please check our calendar.
Some countries are considered autocratic by the V-Dem/Regimes of the World classification. Therefore, we display V-Dem scores in all our charts to show whether or not democratic standards are likely to be met during a ballot.
2024
| 🇰🇲 Comoros | Presidential | 14 January |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-election (Mantsopa Ward 7) | 17 January |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-election (Bushbuckridge) | 31 January |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | National parliament lower house by-elections (Ngaski/Shanga/Yauri, Surulere I, Akoko North East/Akoko North West, Jalingo/Yorro/Zing) National parliament upper house by-elections (Ebonyi South, Yobe East) Benue regional parliament by-election (Guma) Borno regional parliament by-election (Chibok) Kaduna regional parliament by-election (Chikun) | 3 February |
| 🇹🇳 Tunisia | Local (second round) | 4 February |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-election (AbaQulusi Ward 8) | 7 February |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-election | 14 February |
| 🇲🇦 Morocco | National parliament by-elections (Safi, Sidi Kacem) | 22 February |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-election | 28 February |
| 🇵🇹 Madeira (Portugal) | National parliament | 10 March |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-election | 13 March |
| 🇸🇳 Senegal | Presidential | 27 March |
| 🇹🇬 Togo | National parliament Regional councilors Local elections | 29 April |
| 🇹🇩 Chad | Presidential National parliament | 6 May |
| 🇵🇹 Madeira (Portugal) | Regional parliament | 26 May |
| 🇲🇬 Madagascar | National parliament | 29 May |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | National parliament Eastern Cape regional parliament Free State regional parliament Gauteng regional parliament KwaZulu-Natal regional parliament Limpopo regional parliament Mpumalanga regional parliament North West regional parliament Northern Cape regional parliament Western Cape regional parliament | 29 May |
| 🇲🇷 Mauritania | Presidential | 22 June |
| 🇸🇴 Somalia | Puntland local elections | 25 May |
| 🇷🇼 Rwanda | Presidential National parliament | 15 July |
| 🇩🇿 Algeria | Presidential | 7 September |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | Edo regional president Ondo regional president | 21 September |
| 🇹🇳 Tunisia | Presidential | 6 October |
| 🇲🇿 Mozambique | Presidential National parliament Cabo Delgado regional parliament Gaza regional parliament Inhambane regional parliament Manica regional parliament Maputo regional parliament Nampula regional parliament Niassa regional parliament Sofala regional parliament Tete regional parliament Zambela regional parliament | 9 October |
| 🇧🇼 Botswana | National parliament Local | 29 October |
| 🇲🇺 Mauritius | National parliament | 10 November |
| 🇸🇴 Somaliland (Somalia) | Presidential | 13 November |
| 🇳🇦 Namibia | Presidential National parliament | 27 November |
| 🇬🇭 Ghana | Presidential National parliament | 7 December |
| 🇹🇩 Chad | National parliament Regional parliaments Local | 29 December |
2023
| 🇧🇯 Benin | National parliament | 8 January |
| 🇪🇭 Sahrawi Republic | Frente Polisario Congress (Presidential) | 13-22 January |
| 🇹🇳 Tunisia | National parliament (second round) | 29 January |
| 🇪🇹 Ethiopia | Referendum (creation of a “Southwest Ethiopia People’s Regional State”) | 6 February |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-elections | 22 February |
| 🇩🇯 Djibouti | National parliament | 24 February |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | Presidential National parliament (lower house and upper house) | 25 February |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-elections | 8 March |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | Regional elections (parliament + governor) | 11 March |
| 🇨🇲 Cameroon | National parliament (upper house) | 13 March |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-elections | 22 March |
| 🇧🇼 Botswana | Local by-elections (Bosele, Grootlaagte) | 25 March |
| 🇫🇷 France | National parliament (Abroad voters’ 9th constituency, first round) | 2 April |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-elections | 5 April |
| 🇪🇭 Sahrawi Republic | National parliament | 8-9 April |
| 🇬🇲 The Gambia | Local councils | 15 April |
| 🇫🇷 France | National parliament (Abroad voters’ 9th constituency, second round) | 16 April |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-elections | 26 April |
| 🇲🇦 Morocco | National parliament by-elections (Safi, Beni Mellal) | 27 April |
| 🇧🇼 Botswana | Local by-election (Mapoka-Nlaphkwane) | 29 April |
| 🇲🇷 Mauritania | National parliament (first round) Regional parliaments Local | 13 May |
| 🇬🇲 The Gambia | Local (mayoral and chairpersons) | 20 May |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-elections | 24 May |
| 🇸🇴 Somalia | Puntland regional parliament | 25 May |
| 🇲🇷 Mauritania | National parliament (second round) | 27 May |
| 🇮🇨 Canary Islands (Spain) | Regional parliament Insular Local | 28 May |
| 🇪🇸 Ceuta (Spain) | Regional parliament | 28 May |
| 🇪🇸 Melilla (Spain) | Regional parliament | 28 May |
| 🇬🇼 Guinea-Bissau | National parliament | 4 June |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-elections | 14 June |
| 🇲🇱 Mali | Constitutional referendum | 18 June |
| 🇸🇱 Sierra Leone | Presidential National parliament Local | 24 June |
| 🇧🇼 Botswana | Local by-election (Mmaphula East) | 24 June |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-elections | 28 June |
| 🇧🇼 Botswana | Serowe West national parliament by-election | 8 July |
| 🇮🇨 Canary Islands (Spain) | Spanish national parliament (lower house and upper house) | 23 July |
| 🇪🇸 Ceuta (Spain) | Spanish national parliament (lower house and upper house) | 23 July |
| 🇪🇸 Melilla (Spain) | Spanish national parliament (lower + upper house) | 23 July |
| 🇿🇼 Zimbabwe | Presidential National parliament Local | 23 August |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-elections | 23 August |
| 🇬🇦 Gabon | Presidential National parliament Local | 26 August |
| 🇸🇿 Eswatini | National parliament election primaries | 26 August |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | Local by-elections | 14 September |
| 🇵🇹 Madeira (Portugal) | Regional parliament | 24 September |
| 🇷🇪 Réunion (France) | French national parliament (upper house) | 24 September |
| 🇾🇹 Mayotte (France) | French national parliament (upper house) | 24 September |
| 🇸🇿 Eswatini | National parliament election | 29 September |
| 🇲🇿 Mozambique | Presidential National parliament Local | 24 October |
| 🇱🇷 Liberia | Presidential National parliament | 10 October |
| 🇲🇬 Madagascar | Presidential | 9 November |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | Imo regional election (parliament + governor) Kogi regional election (parliament + governor) Bayelsa regional election (parliament + governor) | 11 November |
| 🇪🇬 Egypt | Presidential | 10-12 December |
| 🇨🇩 Democratic Republic of the Congo | Presidential National parliament Regional Local | 20 December |
| 🇹🇳 Tunisia | Local (first round) | 24 December |
2022
| 🇩🇿 Algeria | National parliament (upper house) | 5 February |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | Local (Kebbi State) | 5 February |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | Local (Federal Capital Territory) | 12 February |
| 🇲🇺 Mauritius | Regional (Rodrigues) | 13 February |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | Local (Enugu State) | 23 February |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | National parliament by-elections (Akure N/S, Jos N/Bassa, Ogoja/Yala) | 26 February |
| 🇩🇯 Djibouti | Regional | 11 March |
| 🇿🇼 Zimbabwe | National parliament by-elections | 26 March |
| 🇬🇲 The Gambia | National parliament | 9 April |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | Local (Adamawa State) | 9 April |
| 🇷🇪 Réunion (France) | Presidential (first round) | 10 April |
| 🇾🇹 Mayotte (France) | Presidential (first round) | 10 April |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | Local (Katsina State) | 11 April |
| 🇸🇴 Somalia | National parliament | 1 October-15 April |
| 🇷🇪 Réunion (France) | Presidential (second round) | 24 April |
| 🇾🇹 Mayotte (France) | Presidential (second round) | 24 April |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | Local (Benue State) | 7 May |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | PDP (centre-right) presidential primary | 29 May |
| 🇷🇪 Réunion (France) | National parliament (first round) | 12 June |
| 🇾🇹 Mayotte (France) | National parliament (first round) | 12 June |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | Regional governor (Ekiti State) | 18 June |
| 🇷🇪 Réunion (France) | National parliament (second round) | 19 June |
| 🇾🇹 Mayotte (France) | National parliament (second round) | 19 June |
| 🇨🇬 Republic of the Congo | National parliament (first round) | 4-10 July |
| 🇳🇬 Nigeria | Regional governor (Osun State) | 16 July |
| 🇲🇦 Morocco | National parliament by-elections (Meknès, Al Hoceima, Mediouna) | 21 July |
| 🇹🇳 Tunisia | Constitutional referendum | 25 July |
| 🇺🇬 Uganda | National parliament by-election (Soroti East) | 28 July |
| 🇸🇳 Senegal | National parliament | 31 July |
| 🇨🇬 Republic of the Congo | National parliament (second round) | 31 July |
| 🇰🇪 Kenya | Presidential | 9 August |
| 🇺🇬 Uganda | National parliament by-election (Bukimbiri County) | 11 August |
| 🇳🇦 Namibia | Regional parliament by-election (Swakopmund) | 12 August |
| 🇦🇴 Angola | General | 24 August |
| 🇸🇹 São Tomé and Príncipe | National parliament Regional (Príncipe) Local | 25 September |
| 🇲🇦 Morocco | National parliament by-elections (Aïn Chock, Driouch, Safi, Guercif) | 29 September |
| 🇿🇦 South Africa | ||
| 🇱🇸 Lesotho | General Local | 7 October |
| 🇬🇶 Equatorial Guinea | Presidential National parliament (lower + upper house) Local | 20 November |
| 🇿🇼 Zimbabwe | Local by-elections (Binga Rural District, Gweru and Victorial Falls Municipalities) | 3 December |
| 🇹🇳 Tunisia | National parliament (first round) | 17 December |